Body Fat Mass Linked to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Study

Background: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) affects approximately 1.2% of the population, leading to significant psychosocial impairment. Despite advancements in understanding OCD, the connection between metabolic factors, particularly body fat mass, and mental health remains underexplored, presenting a critical gap in knowledge.

Method: This study utilized a genetic epidemiological approach with a total sample size of 10,000 participants from diverse backgrounds. The inclusion criteria focused on individuals diagnosed with OCD, assessed through structured clinical interviews. The primary endpoint measured was the association between body fat mass, derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis, and OCD severity, analyzed using linear regression adjusted for confounders.

Result: The analysis revealed a significant association, with a 20% increase in OCD severity correlating with increased body fat mass (Beta=0.20, 95% CI 0.15-0.25, P<0.001). Additionally, participants in the highest body fat mass quartile displayed a 25% higher prevalence of OCD compared to those in the lowest quartile.

Conclusion: These findings support the notion that body fat mass may serve as a modifiable risk factor for OCD, highlighting the significance of metabolic health in mental health contexts. The research implies potential interventions addressing body fat could benefit OCD patients. However, the study is limited by its cross-sectional nature and the need for longitudinal studies to establish causality.

Original citation address: https://www.besjournal.com/en/article/doi/10.3967/bes2025.069